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A Comparison of Moral Intuitions about Professional Ethics between the Medical Students and Residents in a University Hospital

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±Ç¿À¿µ(Kwon Oh-Young) - °æÈñ´ëÇб³ ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ÀÇÇб³À°Çб³½Ç
À±Å¿µ(Yoon Tai-Young) - °æÈñ´ëÇб³ ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ÀÇÇб³À°Çб³½Ç

Abstract

ÀÇ·áÀÇ Àü¹®Àû Ư¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÇ»çµé¿¡°Ô´Â °íÀ¯ÀÇ Á÷¾÷ À±¸®°¡ ¿ä±¸µÇ¸ç, ÀÓ»ó ÇöÀå¿¡¼­ Á¢ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¹®Á¦µéÀÇ ÇØ°á¿¡ °³º° ÀÇ»çÀÇ À±¸®ÀǽÄÀº Áß¿äÇÏ°Ô ÀÛ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Àǰú´ëÇлý ¶§ºÎÅÍ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ À±¸®Àû ÆÇ´ÜÀ» ³»¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ µÇ¾îÀÖ¾î¾ß Çϰí, ÀÇ·áÀ±¸® ±³À°Àº À̸¦ À§ÇÑ µµ±¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â »çȸÀû Á÷°üÁÖÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø»ýµé°ú Àü°øÀǵéÀÇ µµ´öÀû Á÷°üÀÇ ¹üÁÖ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤Çϰí, ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Á÷¾÷Àû Ã¥ÀÓ°¨ÀÇ Á¤µµ¸¦ ÆÄ¾ÇÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼³¹® Á¶»ç´Â ¼­¿ïÀÇ ÇÑ ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Çлýµé°ú ´ëÇк´¿ø Àü°øÀǸ¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Moral Foundations Questionnaire¸¦ ¹ø¾ÈÇÑ ¼³¹®Áö¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¡®¹è·Á¡¯, ¡®°øÁ¤¼º¡¯, ¡®Ã漺½É¡¯, ¡®±ÇÀ§¡¯, ¡®°í±ÍÇÔ¡¯ÀÇ ´Ù¼¸ ¿µ¿ªÀ¸·Î ±¸ºÐµÈ µµ´öÀû Á÷°üÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¿©±â¿¡ ÀÇ»çÀÇ Á÷¾÷À±¸®¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ³»¿ëÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼³¹® ÀÀ´ä·üÀº 75.5%¿´À¸¸ç ÀÀ´äÀÚ Áß ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø»ýÀº 340¸í, Àü°øÀÇ´Â 30¸íÀ̾ú´Ù. ȯÀÚ¸¦ Áø·áÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÖ¾î Çлý°ú Àü°øÀÇ ¸ðµÎ ÀÚÀ²¼º Á¸ÁßÀÇ ¿øÄ¢À̳ª Á¤ÀǺ¸´Ù ¡®¼±Çà/ÇØ¸¦ °¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °Í¡¯À» °¡Àå ¿ì¼±ÀûÀÎ À±¸®¿øÄ¢À¸·Î ¼±ÅÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. µµ´öÀû ½Å³ä¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀνÄÀº ¹è·Á>°øÁ¤¼º>Ãæ¼º½É ¹× °í±ÍÇÔ>±ÇÀ§ ¼øÀ¸·Î µÎ ±º¿¡¼­ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ¿´´Ù. Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î Àü°øÀÇ¿¡ ºñÇØ ÇлýµéÀÇ Æò±Õ Á¡¼ö°¡ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ³ô¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, °¢ Ç׸ñÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ Áú¹®µé Áß¿¡´Â µÎ Áý´Ü °£¿¡ À¯ÀǹÌÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÇ»çµéÀÇ Á÷¾÷À±¸®¿Í µµ´öÀû ½Å³äµé »çÀÌÀÇ °ü·Ã¼º È®ÀÎÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ·ÎÁö½ºÆ½ ȸ±ÍºÐ¼®À» ½ÃÇàÇÑ °á°ú Á¤ÀǸ¦ ±âº» À±¸®¿øÄ¢À¸·Î µÎ´Â °æ¿ì´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ºñÇØ º»ÀÎÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÏ°í¼­¶óµµ ȯÀÚ¸¦ Ä¡·áÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Á÷¾÷Àû Àǹ«°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù(OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.23~4.18; p=0.008). »çȸÀû Á÷°üÁÖÀÇ´Â µµ´öÀû Á÷°üÀÇ ¹üÁÖµéÀÌ Çѱ¹ »çȸ¿¡¼­ ¾î¶»°Ô ±â´ÉÇÏ´Â Áö¸¦ ÆÄ¾ÇÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀÇ·áÀ±¸® ±³À°°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÇлýµéÀÌ Çǵå¹éÀ» ÅëÇØ ½º½º·ÎÀÇ Á÷°ü¿¡ ´ëÇØ ȸ°íÇØº¸´Â °è±â¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
This study was designed to determine whether or not there are differences between the moral intuitions of medical students and those of residents in clinical fields. A total of 370 of 490 (75.5%) students (n=340) and residents (n=30) at one university in South Korea responded to a survey consisting of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ30) and additional items on moral judgments concerning the duty to care during pandemic influenza. Both groups selected beneficence/non-maleficence (as opposed to autonomy or justice) as the primary ethical principle(s) in medical practice. The mean scores on a 0~5 scale for the five moral foundations for the students were not significantly different from those of the residents (harm; 3.6 vs. 3.4, fairness; 3.5 vs. 3.3, loyalty; 3.1 vs. 3.0, authority; 2.9 vs. 2.8, sanctity; 3.1 vs. 3.0, respectively). However, there was considerable variability in individual items forming the scales for the fairness foundation. Interestingly, when respondents chose justice first among ethical principles, they felt that physicians had a duty to treat patients with influenza, even if in doing so they placed themselves or their families at risk (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.23~4.18). Our data suggest that social intuitionism may be useful for explaining differences in Korean physicians¡¯ moral judgments and also that it may be an effective tool for feedback in medical ethics education.

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ÀÇ»ç Á÷¾÷À±¸®, »çȸÀû Á÷°üÁÖÀÇ ÀÌ·Ð, ÀÇ·áÀ±¸®±³À°
professional, social-intuitionist theory, ethics, medical
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