New-Onset Malignant Pleural Effusion after Abscess Formation of a Subcarinal Lymph Node Associated with Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

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Àå¼±¹Ì(Jang Sun-Mi) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
±è¹ÎÁö(Kim Min-Ji) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
Á¶Á¤¼ö(Cho Jeong-Su) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
ÀÌÁö¿ø(Lee Gee-Won) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Radiology
±è¾Æ·Õ(Kim Ah-Rong) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Pathology
±èÁ¤¹Ì(Kim Jeong-Mi) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
¹Úöȫ(Park Chul-Hong) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
¹ÚÁ¾¸¸(Park Jong-Man) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
¼Ûº´±¸(Song Byeong-Gu) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
¾öÁß¼·(Eom Jung-Seop) - Pusan National University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine

Abstract

We present a case of an unusual infectious complication of a ruptured mediastinal abscess after endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), which led to malignant pleural effusion in a patient with stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer. EBUS-TBNA was performed in a 48-year-old previously healthy male, and a mediastinal abscess developed at 4 days post-procedure. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed for debridement and drainage, and the intraoperative findings revealed a large volume pleural effusion that was not detected on the initial radiographic evaluation. Malignant cells were unexpectedly detected in the aspirated pleural fluid, which was possibly due to increased pleural permeability and transport of malignant cells originating in a ruptured subcarinal lymph node from the mediastinum to the pleural space. Hence, the patient was confirmed to have squamous cell lung carcinoma with malignant pleural effusion and his TNM staging was changed from stage IIIA to IV.

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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration, Lung Neoplasms, Pleural Effusion, Malignant
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