Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 2022³â 46±Ç 3È£ p.355 ~ p.376
ÃÖÁ¾ÇÑ(Choi Jong-Han) - Konkuk University School of Medicine Konkuk University Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
Á¶À±Á¤(Cho Yoon-Jeong) - Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine Department of Family Medicine
±èÇöÁø(Kim Hyun-Jin) - Hanyang University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
°í½ÂÇö(Ko Seung-Hyun) - Catholic University College of Medicine St. Vincent¡¯s Hospital Department of Internal Medicine
Àü¼÷(Chon Suk) - Kyung Hee University College of Medicine Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism
°ÁöÇö(Kang Jee-Hyun) - Konyang University College of Medicine Department of Family Medicine
±è°æ°ï(Kim Kyoung-Kon) - Gachon University College of Medicine Department of Family Medicine
±èÀº¹Ì(Kim Eun-Mi) - Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Department of Dietetics
±èÇöÁ¤(Kim Hyun-Jung) - Korea University College of Medicine Department of Preventive Medicine
¼Û±âÈ£(Song Kee-Ho) - Konkuk University School of Medicine Konkuk University Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
³²°¡Àº(Nam Ga-Eun) - Korea University College of Medicine Department of Family Medicine
±è±¤ÀÏ(Kim Kwang-Il) - Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine
Abstract
Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and 10 articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.
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Carbohydrates, Diabetes mellitus, Diet, Hypertension, Obesity
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À¯È¿¼º°á°ú(Recomendation)
Evidence for carbohydrate-restricted diets/intermittent fasting is lacking in adults with hypertension.