(Bouazza Belaid) - Mouloud Mammeri University Faculty of Biological and Agricultural Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology
(Hadj-Said Dihia) - Mouloud Mammeri University Faculty of Biological and Agricultural Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology
(Pescatore Karen A.) - Rowan University Department of Psychology
(Chahed Rachid) - Specialite de Pneumologie Cabinet Medical Prive
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an infectious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus first identified in patients from Wuhan, China. Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread swiftly around the world, infected more than 25 million people, and caused more than 800,000 deaths in 188 countries. Chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appear to be risk factors for COVID-19, however, their prevalence remains controversial. In fact, studies in China reported lower rates of chronic respiratory conditions in patients with COVID-19 than in the general population, while the trend is reversed in the United States and Europe. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms of a possible interaction between COVID-19 and chronic respiratory diseases remain unknown, some observations can help to elucidate them. Indeed, physiological changes, immune response, or medications used against SARS-CoV-2 may have a greater impact on patients with chronic respiratory conditions already debilitated by chronic inflammation, dyspnea, and the use of immunosuppressant drugs like corticosteroids. In this review, we discuss importance and the impact of COVID-19 on asthma and COPD patients, the possible available treatments, and patient management during the pandemic.
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COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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COVID-19 could have a more pronounced impact on asthmatics and COPD patients compared to those without comorbidities.